Basic fire-fighting equipment

Common to all vehicles is that they are fully equipped for independent firefighting and emergency and rescue operations.

There are two subgroups in this category: basic general-purpose and special purpose fire trucks.

Depending on the type of fire extinguishing agents supplied, the methods of their supply, mobility, the following types of basic fire trucks are distinguished:

Fire tanker trucks are the universal specialized vehicles used as an independent appliance unit or as a pumping station. With the help of a tanker truck, fire extinguishing is carried out using water taken from the tank itself, an external reservoir, a fire hydrant, as well as air-mechanical foam. For vehicles of this purpose, strict requirements are imposed on reliability, practicability, maneuverability. Depending on the tank capacity, fire tanker trucks are classified into different types – light, medium or heavy.

First aid vehicles are light, highly dynamic specialized vehicles equipped with fire extinguishing and rescue equipment for injured people. The creation of these vehicles is dictated by the concept of rapid response. The idea is to reduce the time between the signal of a fire and the beginning of the fight against fire. The liquidation of fires in the early stages leads to minimizing damage and increasing the likelihood of saving people. The main purpose of a first aid fire truck is the delivery of an appliance crew, localization and extinguishing of a fire, preventing the spread of fire before the arrival of the main force, providing first aid.

Fire-rescue vehicles are specialized vehicles which deliver appliance crews, a stock of fire extinguishing agents, FFE, as well as special equipment and tools, lighting devices, and communications equipment to the place of fire. Equipping a fire truck allows the arrived appliance crew of the fire and rescue unit to begin arranging emergency rescue operations immediately.

The basic special purpose fire trucks are used to extinguish fires that occur at special facilities:

• extractive industry enterprises,
• petroleum industry,
• gas or chemical industries,
• aerodromes and etc.

One of the most common special purpose fire trucks is an air-foam extinguishing vehicle.

The main purpose of a specialized vehicle is to extinguish large-scale fires at oil storage facilities, oil pipelines, and other oil refining facilities where flammable and combustible liquids are present. By structural design, the foam extinguishing vehicle is similar to a tanker truck, the vehicles are equipped with fire pumps, FFE, special equipment, foam communication fittings.